The Effect of Lalmin Immune Pro on Systemic and Tissue-level Inflammation and Antioxidant Status

Advancing age and obesity are key contributors to chronic low-grade inflammation and immunometabolic dysfunction, increasing the risks for cardiometabolic diseases. Nutritional interventions can mitigate these risks. Lalmin Immune Pro contains 250 mg of yeast-derived β-1,3/1,6 glucan, 13.7 mg of zinc, 65.0 mg of selenium, and 500 IU of vitamin D2 per six-gummy serving. Some evidence exists that each component supports immune and mitochondrial functions. However, while yeast-derived β-glucans are well-documented for immune-modulating effects in acute infections, their role in chronic pathogen-free inflammation remains underexplored. In an open-label pilot study, 15 participants (BMI: 36.5 ± 6.1 kg/m²; age: 66.4 ± 4.6 years) consumed a serving of Lalmin Immune Pro gummies daily for 28 days. Subcutaneous adipose tissue, serum, and urine samples were collected pre- (Day 0) and post-supplementation (Day 28). Tandem-mass-tagged proteomic analysis of adipose tissue was performed. Cell culture experiments were performed on adipose tissue explant, skeletal muscle cells, and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). Multiplex immunoassays measured inflammatory markers in culture supernatants and serum. Proteomic analysis of adipose tissue revealed significant downregulation of innate immune pathways, including the complement cascade (FDR = 7.58E-22, LogFC -0.349), FCGR-dependent phagocytosis (FDR = 2.71E-07, LogFC -0.182) and acute-phase proteins (FDR = 3.72E-05, LogFC -0.073). Adipose supernatant leptin (p = 0.001), MCP-1 (p = 0.003), MIP-3α (p = 0.009), IL-8 (p = 0.004), and IL-6 (p = 0.020). were significantly reduced by supplementation. Mitochondrial pathways were upregulated, including cristae formation (FDR = 6.25E-05, LogFC = 0.304), aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (FDR = 1.40E-05, LogFC = 0.210), and mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation (FDR = 0.027, LogFC = 0.235). Proteomic analyses suggest Lalmin Immune Pro may reduce inflammation and improve mitochondrial function in overweight adipose tissue. Further research, including randomised controlled trials and studies of individual components, is needed to further explore its benefits for cardiometabolic health in obesity and ageing.