Why the “Visitor Effect” Is Complicated. Unraveling Individual Animal, Visitor Number, and Climatic Influences on Behavior, Space Use and Interactions With Keepers - A Case Study on Captive Hornbills
dc.contributor.author | Rose, PE | |
dc.contributor.author | Scales, JS | |
dc.contributor.author | Brereton, JE | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-04-28T13:27:16Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2020-04-28 | |
dc.description.abstract | A “visitor effect” on zoo-housed species has been documented since the 1970s, with research focused on mammals (specifically primates). To broaden our understanding of the “visitor effect” in a non-mammal, we conducted a case study on a pair of hornbills, recording behavior and aviary use alongside of visitor and keeper presence. Temperature and humidity were significant predictors of visitor number, and temperature was a better predictor of hornbill exhibit use than visitor presence. Behavior was significantly affected by the presence of keepers and individual variation in behavior was noted too. Visitor number mediated any interest in a keeper by birds: high visitor number decreased a bird's interest in its keeper. Whilst only a case study on a pair of birds, our research shows that any “visitor effect” is heavily influenced by other environmental variables and that different categories of human (i.e., visitor, keeper) affect how zoo animals utilize their environment. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 7, article 236 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3389/fvets.2020.00236 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/120833 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Frontiers Media | en_GB |
dc.rights | © 2020 Rose, Scales and Brereton. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. | en_GB |
dc.subject | Ceratogymna atrata | en_GB |
dc.subject | black-casqued hornbill | en_GB |
dc.subject | bird behavior | en_GB |
dc.subject | visitor effect | en_GB |
dc.subject | keeper effect | en_GB |
dc.subject | zoo animal welfare | en_GB |
dc.title | Why the “Visitor Effect” Is Complicated. Unraveling Individual Animal, Visitor Number, and Climatic Influences on Behavior, Space Use and Interactions With Keepers - A Case Study on Captive Hornbills | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2020-04-28T13:27:16Z | |
dc.description | This is the final version. Available on open access from Frontiers Media via the DOI in this record | en_GB |
dc.description | Data Availability Statement: The datasets generated for this study are available on request to the corresponding author. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2297-1769 | |
dc.identifier.journal | Frontiers in Veterinary Science | en_GB |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_GB |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2020-04-07 | |
rioxxterms.version | VoR | en_GB |
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate | 2020-04-28 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | en_GB |
refterms.dateFCD | 2020-04-28T13:26:00Z | |
refterms.versionFCD | VoR | |
refterms.dateFOA | 2020-04-28T13:27:23Z | |
refterms.panel | A | en_GB |
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2020 Rose, Scales and Brereton. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.