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dc.contributor.authorSabatini, S
dc.contributor.authorUkoumunne, OC
dc.contributor.authorBallard, C
dc.contributor.authorBrothers, A
dc.contributor.authorKaspar, R
dc.contributor.authorCollins, R
dc.contributor.authorKim, S
dc.contributor.authorCorbett, A
dc.contributor.authorAarsland, D
dc.contributor.authorHampshire, A
dc.contributor.authorBrooker, H
dc.contributor.authorClare, L
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-22T08:49:50Z
dc.date.issued2020-09-21
dc.description.abstractBackground A questionnaire assessing awareness of positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses) was developed in the US and Germany. We validated the short form of the measure (AARC-10 SF) and the cognitive functioning subscale from the 50-item version of the AARC (AARC-50) questionnaire in the UK population aged 50 and over. Methods Data from 9410 participants (Mean (SD) age = 65.9 (7.1)) in the PROTECT cohort were used to explore and confirm the psychometric properties of the AARC measures including: validity of the factor structure; reliability; measurement invariance across men and women, individuals with and without a university degree, and in middle age, early old age, and advanced old age; and convergent validity with measures of self-perception of aging and mental, physical, and cognitive health. We explored the relationship between demographic variables (age, sex, marital status, employment, and university education) and AARC. Results We confirmed the two-factor structure (gains and losses) of the AARC-10 SF and the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale. Both scales showed good reliability and good convergent validity for AARC losses, but weak convergent validity for AARC gains. For both scales metric invariance was held for the two subgroups defined by education level and age. For the AARC-50 subscale, but not for the AARC-10 SF, strong invariance was also held for the two subgroups defined by sex. Age, sex, marital status, employment, and university education predicted AARC gains and losses. Conclusions The AARC-10 SF and AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale identify UK individuals who perceive age-related changes in their mental, physical, and cognitive health.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Exeteren_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Cognitive Healthen_GB
dc.identifier.citationVol. 20, article 359en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12877-020-01767-6
dc.identifier.grantnumber1100579en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/122947
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherBMCen_GB
dc.rights© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.en_GB
dc.subjectSubjective agingen_GB
dc.subjectSelf-perceptions of agingen_GB
dc.subjectAARC-10 SFen_GB
dc.subjectCognitive functioningen_GB
dc.titleInternational relevance of two measures of awareness of age-related change (AARC)en_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2020-09-22T08:49:50Z
dc.identifier.issn1471-2318
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available on open access from BMC via the DOI in this recorden_GB
dc.descriptionAvailability of data and materials: This study was conducted using secondary data collected as part of the PROTECT ongoing study. PROTECT data are available to investigators outside the PROTECT team after request and approval by the PROTECT Steering Committee. Data for the AARC-10 SF questionnaire and for the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale will be available from May 2022.en_GB
dc.identifier.journalBMC Geriatricsen_GB
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2020-09-10
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2020-09-10
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2020-09-21T17:37:58Z
refterms.versionFCDAM
refterms.dateFOA2020-09-22T08:49:55Z
refterms.panelAen_GB


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© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,
which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give
appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if
changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons
licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons
licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain
permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the
data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.