The independent and interactive associations of physical activity intensity and vitamin D status with bone 1 mineral density in prepubertal children: The PANIC Study
Constable, AM; Vlachopoulos, D; Barker, AR; et al.Moore, SA; Soininen, S; Haapala, EA; Väist, J; Westgate, K; Brage, S; Mahonen, A; Lakka, TA
Date: 5 February 2021
Article
Journal
Osteoporosis International
Publisher
Springer / National Osteoporosis Foundation, USA / International Osteoporosis Foundation
Publisher DOI
Abstract
Purpose: The sex-specific independent and interactive associations of physical activity (PA) intensity and
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were investigated in
prepubertal children.
Methods: The participants were 366 prepubertal Finnish children (190 boys, 176 girls) aged 6-8 years. ...
Purpose: The sex-specific independent and interactive associations of physical activity (PA) intensity and
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were investigated in
prepubertal children.
Methods: The participants were 366 prepubertal Finnish children (190 boys, 176 girls) aged 6-8 years. Linear
regression analysed the associations of sedentary time (ST), light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and vigorous PA (VPA) measured by accelerometery, and serum 25(OH)D with total
body less head (TBLH) and lower-limb aBMD, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Results: There was no interaction between PA intensity or serum 25(OH)D and sex with aBMD. MPA and
MVPA were positively associated with TBLH and lower-limb aBMD (β = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02-0.20, p = 0.01).
Serum 25(OH)D was positively associated with TBLH and lower-limb aBMD (β = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.18, p =
0.03). There were no interactions between PA intensity and serum 25(OH)D with aBMD.
Conclusion: Vitamin D status, MPA and MVPA levels in active prepubertal children were positively associated
with aBMD. The influence of MVPA is due to the MPA component, though our findings regarding the role of
VPA should be interpreted with caution, as shorter accelerometer epochs are needed to more accurately assess
VPA. This study adds evidence to the promotion of MPA and behaviours to encourage optimal vitamin D status
in supporting skeletal health in childhood, though these need not be used in conjunction to be beneficial, and a
sex-specific approach is not necessary in prepubertal children.
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