Addiction is driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect: Translational critique of habit and compulsion theory
dc.contributor.author | Hogarth, L | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-12-20T10:56:57Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2020-01-06 | |
dc.description.abstract | Drug addiction may be a goal-directed choice driven by excessive drug value in negative affective states, a habit driven by strong stimulus-response associations, or a compulsion driven by insensitivity to costs imposed on drug seeking. Laboratory animal and human evidence for these three theories is evaluated. Excessive goal theory is supported by dependence severity being associated with greater drug choice/economic demand. Drug choice is demonstrably goal-directed (driven by the expected value of the drug) and can be augmented by stress/negative mood induction and withdrawal – effects amplified in those with psychiatric symptoms and drug use coping motives. Furthermore, psychiatric symptoms confer risk of dependence, and coping motives mediate this risk. Habit theory of addiction has weaker support. Habitual behaviour seen in drug exposed animals often does not occur in complex decision scenarios, or where responding is rewarded, so habit is unlikely to explain most human addictive behaviour where these conditions apply. Furthermore, most human studies have not found greater propensity to habitual behaviour in drug users or as a function of dependence severity, and the minority that have can be explained by task disengagement producing impaired explicit contingency knowledge. Compulsion theory of addiction also has weak support. The persistence of punished drug seeking in animals is better explained by greater drug value (evinced by the association with economic demand) than by insensitivity to costs. Furthermore, human studies have provided weak evidence that propensity discount cost imposed on drug seeking is associated with dependence severity. These data suggest that human addiction is primarily driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect, and less by habit or compulsion. Addiction is pathological because negative states powerfully increase expected drug value acutely outweighing abstinence goals. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Alcohol Research UK | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Medical Research Council (MRC) | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Published online 6 January 2020 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1038/s41386-020-0600-8 | |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | RS 17/03 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/40155 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Springer Nature for American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) | en_GB |
dc.rights | © The Author(s) 2020. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
dc.title | Addiction is driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect: Translational critique of habit and compulsion theory | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2019-12-20T10:56:57Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0893-133X | |
dc.description | This is the final version. Available on open access from Springer Nature via the DOI in this record | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Neuropsychopharmacology | en_GB |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_GB |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2019-12-18 | |
exeter.funder | ::Alcohol Research UK | en_GB |
exeter.funder | ::Medical Research Council (MRC) | en_GB |
rioxxterms.version | VoR | en_GB |
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate | 2019-12-18 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | en_GB |
refterms.dateFCD | 2019-12-19T17:20:55Z | |
refterms.versionFCD | AM | |
refterms.dateFOA | 2020-01-21T14:13:54Z | |
refterms.panel | A | en_GB |
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Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party
material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless
indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the
article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory
regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly
from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by/4.0/