A universal oyster infection model demonstrates that Vibrio vulnificus Type 6 secretion systems have antibacterial activity in vivo

Abstract

With the rapid increase of aquaculture contributing to sustainable food security, comes the need to better understand seafood associated diseases. One of the major aquatic bacterial genera responsible for human infections from seafood is Vibrio, especially from oysters. Currently, in vivo study of bacterial interactions within oysters is limited by the inability to promote high-level uptake of bacteria by oysters. This study has therefore evolved current natural marine snow protocols to generate ‘artificial’ marine snow, into which bacteria can be incorporated to facilitate extensive uptake by oysters. This presents an adaptable model for bacterial study within filter-feeding shellfish. Using this model, we demonstrate for the first time the antibacterial activity of Vibrio vulnificus Type 6 secretion systems in vivo, revealing an important role for the T6SS in V. vulnificus ecology.