Systematic review and meta-analysis: The association between child and adolescent depression and later educational attainment
Wickersham, A; Sugg, HVR; Epstein, S; et al.Stewart, R; Ford, T; Downs, J
Date: 29 October 2020
Journal
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier
Publisher DOI
Abstract
Objective: The association between depression and educational attainment in young people
is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the longitudinal association
between depression and subsequent attainment, and its potential effect modifiers and
mediators.
Method: We searched Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, ERIC and ...
Objective: The association between depression and educational attainment in young people
is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the longitudinal association
between depression and subsequent attainment, and its potential effect modifiers and
mediators.
Method: We searched Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, ERIC and British Education Index from
inception to 23 October 2019, conducted citation searching, and contacted authors for
articles. Eligible studies reported on the longitudinal association between depression in
children and adolescents age 4-18 years and later educational attainment. Two reviewers
independently conducted screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Correlation
coefficients were pooled in meta-analysis, and effect modifiers were explored using metaregression and stratification. Other evidence on confounders, modifiers and mediators was
narratively synthesized. PROSPERO record: CRD42019123068.
Results: Thirty-one studies were included, of which 22 were pooled in meta-analysis. There
was a small but statistically significant association between depression and lower subsequent
attainment (pooled Fisher’s z=-0.19, 95% CI=-0.22 to -0.16, I
2=62.9%). Fifteen studies also
reported an enduring effect after adjusting for various confounders. No statistically
significant effect modifiers were identified. Social and school problems may mediate between
depression and low attainment.
Conclusion: Depression was associated with lower educational attainment, but further
research is needed to establish mechanisms. Nonetheless, there is a clear need for mental
health and educational support among children and adolescents with depression.
Institute of Health Research
Collections of Former Colleges
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