Textile wastewater heavy metal pollution has become a severe environmental
problem throughout the world. Metal ion inclusion in a dye molecule exhibits a bathochromic
shift producing deeper but duller shades, which provides excellent colouration. The ejection of
a massive volume of wastewater containing heavy metal ions such as Cr ...
Textile wastewater heavy metal pollution has become a severe environmental
problem throughout the world. Metal ion inclusion in a dye molecule exhibits a bathochromic
shift producing deeper but duller shades, which provides excellent colouration. The ejection of
a massive volume of wastewater containing heavy metal ions such as Cr (VI), Pb (II), Cd (II)
and Zn (II) and metal-containing dyes are an unavoidable consequence because the textile
industry consumes large quantities of water and all these chemicals cannot be combined
entirely with fibres during the dyeing process. These high concentrations of chemicals in
effluents interfere with the natural water resources, cause severe toxicological implications on
the environment with a dramatic impact on human health. This article reviewed the various
metal-containing dye types and their heavy metal ions pollution from entryway to the
wastewater, which then briefly explored the effects to human health and the environment.
Graphene-based absorbers, specially graphene oxide (GO) benefits from an ordered structured,
high specific surface area, and flexible surface functionalization options, which are
indispensable to realize a high performance of heavy metal ion removal. These exceptional
adsorption properties of graphene-based materials support a position of ubiquity in our
everyday lives. The collective representation of the textile wastewater's effective remediation
methods is discussed and focused on the GO-based adsorption methods. Understanding the
critical impact regarding the GO-based materials established adsorption portfolio for heavy
metal ions removal are also discussed. Various heavy-metal ions and their pollutant effect,
ways to remove such heavy metal ions and role of graphene-based adsorbent including their
demand, perspective, limitation, and relative scopes are discussed elaborately in the review.