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dc.contributor.authorVilà, M
dc.contributor.authorBeaury, EM
dc.contributor.authorBlumenthal, DM
dc.contributor.authorBradley, BA
dc.contributor.authorEarly, R
dc.contributor.authorLaginhas, BB
dc.contributor.authorTrillo, A
dc.contributor.authorDukes, JS
dc.contributor.authorSorte, CJB
dc.contributor.authorIbanez, I
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-02T13:56:30Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-29
dc.description.abstractCrops worldwide are simultaneously affected by weeds, which reduce yield, and by climate change, which can negatively or positively affect both crop and weed species. While the individual effects of environmental change and of weeds on crop yield have been assessed, the combined effects have not been broadly characterized. To explore the simultaneous impacts of weeds with changes in climate-related environmental conditions on future food production, we conducted a meta-analysis of 171 observations measuring the individual and combined effects of weeds and elevated CO2, drought or warming on 23 crop species. The combined effect of weeds and environmental change tended to be additive. On average, weeds reduced crop yield by 28 %, a value that was not significantly different from the simultaneous effect of weeds and environmental change (27%), due to increased variability when acting together. The negative effect of weeds on crop yield was mitigated by elevated CO2 and warming, but added to the negative effect of drought. The impact of weeds with environmental change was also dependent on the photosynthetic pathway of the weed/crop pair and on crop identity. Native and non-native weeds had similarly negative effects on yield, with or without environmental change. Weed impact with environmental change was also independent of whether the crop was infested with a single or multiple weed species. Since weed impacts remain negative under environmental change, our results highlight the need to evaluate the efficacy of different weed management practices under climate change. Understanding that the effects of environmental change and weeds are, on average, additive brings us closer to developing useful forecasts of future crop performance.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipSpanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universitiesen_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science Foundation (NSF)en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Michigan Graham Sustainability Instituteen_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1748-9326/abe14b
dc.identifier.grantnumberPCI2018-092939en_GB
dc.identifier.grantnumberICER-1852326en_GB
dc.identifier.grantnumberU059627en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/124594
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherIOP Publishingen_GB
dc.rights© 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. open access. As the Version of Record of this article is going to be/has been published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY 3.0 licence, this Accepted Manuscript is available for reuse under a CC BY 3.0 licence immediately. Although reasonable endeavours have been taken to obtain all necessary permissions from third parties to include their copyrighted content within this article, their full citation and copyright line may not be present in this Accepted Manuscript version. Before using any content from this article, please refer to the Version of Record on IOPscience once published for full citation and copyright details, as permission may be required. All third party content is fully copyright protected, and is not published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY licence, unless that is specifically stated in the figure caption in the Version of Record.en_GB
dc.subjectDroughten_GB
dc.subjectelevated CO2en_GB
dc.subjectmeta-analysisen_GB
dc.subjectplant competitionen_GB
dc.subjectwarmingen_GB
dc.subjectnon-native plantsen_GB
dc.titleUnderstanding the combined impacts of weeds and climate change on cropsen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2021-02-02T13:56:30Z
dc.descriptionThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from IOP Publishing via the DOI in this recorden_GB
dc.identifier.eissn1748-9326
dc.identifier.journalEnvironmental Research Lettersen_GB
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-01-29
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2021-01-29
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2021-02-02T13:52:11Z
refterms.versionFCDVoR
refterms.dateFOA2021-02-02T13:56:39Z
refterms.panelAen_GB


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© 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. open access. As the Version of Record of this article is going to be/has been published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY 3.0 licence, this Accepted Manuscript is available for reuse under a CC BY 3.0 licence immediately.

Although reasonable endeavours have been taken to obtain all necessary permissions from third parties to include their copyrighted content within this article, their full citation and copyright line may not be present in this Accepted Manuscript version. Before using any content from this article, please refer to the Version of Record on IOPscience once published for full citation and copyright details, as permission may be required. All third party content is fully copyright protected, and is not published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY licence, unless that is specifically stated in the figure caption in the Version of Record.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. open access. As the Version of Record of this article is going to be/has been published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY 3.0 licence, this Accepted Manuscript is available for reuse under a CC BY 3.0 licence immediately. Although reasonable endeavours have been taken to obtain all necessary permissions from third parties to include their copyrighted content within this article, their full citation and copyright line may not be present in this Accepted Manuscript version. Before using any content from this article, please refer to the Version of Record on IOPscience once published for full citation and copyright details, as permission may be required. All third party content is fully copyright protected, and is not published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY licence, unless that is specifically stated in the figure caption in the Version of Record.