Rapid Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risk for Fecally Contaminated River Water
dc.contributor.author | Shutler, JD | |
dc.contributor.author | Zaraska, K | |
dc.contributor.author | Holding, T | |
dc.contributor.author | Machnik, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Uppuluri, K | |
dc.contributor.author | Ashton, IGC | |
dc.contributor.author | Migdał, Ł | |
dc.contributor.author | Dahiya, RS | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-02-24T09:57:13Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021-02-22 | |
dc.description.abstract | Following the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), airborne water droplets have been identified as the main transmission route. Identifying and breaking all viable transmission routes are critical to stop future outbreaks, and the potential of transmission by water has been highlighted. By modifying established approaches, we provide a method for the rapid assessment of the risk of transmission posed by fecally contaminated river water and give example results for 39 countries. The country relative risk of transmission posed by fecally contaminated river water is related to the environment and the populations’ infection rate and water usage. On the basis of in vitro data and using temperature as the primary controller of survival, we then demonstrate how viral loads likely decrease after a spill. These methods using readily available data suggest that sewage spills into rivers within countries with high infection rates could provide infectious doses of >40 copies per 100 mL of water. The approach, implemented in the supplementary spreadsheet, can provide a fast estimate of the upper and lower viral load ranges following a riverine spill. The results enable evidence-based research recommendations for wastewater epidemiology and could be used to evaluate the significance of fecal–oral transmission within freshwater systems. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | European Union Horizon 2020 | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Published online 22 February 2021 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1021/acsestwater.0c00246 | |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018-813680 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | EP/R029644/1 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/124874 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | American Chemical Society (ACS) | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | https://github.com/JamieLab/CoV2-wastewater | en_GB |
dc.rights | © 2021The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Open access. Made available through a Creative Commons CC-BY License | en_GB |
dc.subject | dilution | en_GB |
dc.subject | water transmission | en_GB |
dc.subject | fecal−oral | en_GB |
dc.subject | sewage | en_GB |
dc.subject | SARS-CoV-2 | en_GB |
dc.title | Rapid Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risk for Fecally Contaminated River Water | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2021-02-24T09:57:13Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2690-0637 | |
exeter.article-number | acsestwater.0c00246 | en_GB |
dc.description | This is the final version. Available on open access from the American Chemical Society via the DOI in this record | en_GB |
dc.description | Data availability: All software and data used within this study are available free of charge at https://github.com/JamieLab/CoV2-wastewater | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | ACS ES&T Water | en_GB |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_GB |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2021-02-10 | |
exeter.funder | ::European Commission | en_GB |
rioxxterms.version | VoR | en_GB |
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate | 2021-02-22 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | en_GB |
refterms.dateFCD | 2021-02-24T09:48:50Z | |
refterms.versionFCD | VoR | |
refterms.dateFOA | 2021-02-24T09:57:16Z | |
refterms.panel | C | en_GB |
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2021The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Open access. Made available through a Creative Commons CC-BY License