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dc.contributor.authorHughes, AE
dc.contributor.authorHayes, MG
dc.contributor.authorEgan, AM
dc.contributor.authorPatel, KA
dc.contributor.authorScholtens, DM
dc.contributor.authorLowe, LP
dc.contributor.authorLowe, WL
dc.contributor.authorDunne, FP
dc.contributor.authorHattersley, AT
dc.contributor.authorFreathy, RM
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-21T12:07:38Z
dc.date.issued2021-03-23
dc.description.abstractBackground: Using genetic scores for fasting plasma glucose (FPG GS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D GS), we investigated whether the fasting, 1-hour and 2-hour glucose thresholds from the WHO 2013 criteria for gestational diabetes (GDM) have different implications for genetic susceptibility to raised fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes in women from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) and Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy (DIP) studies. Methods: Cases were divided into three subgroups: (i) FPG ≥5.1 mmol/L only, n=222; (ii) 1-hour glucose post 75 g oral glucose load ≥10 mmol/L only, n=154 (iii) 2-hour glucose ≥8.5 mmol/L only, n=73; and (iv) both FPG ≥5.1 mmol/L and either of a 1-hour glucose ≥10 mmol/L or 2-hour glucose ≥8.5 mmol/L, n=172. We compared the FPG and T2D GS of these groups with controls (n=3,091) in HAPO and DIP separately. Results: In HAPO and DIP, the mean FPG GS in women with a FPG ≥5.1 mmol/L, either on its own or with 1-hour glucose ≥10 mmol/L or 2-hour glucose ≥8.5 mmol/L, was higher than controls (all P <0.01). Mean T2D GS in women with a raised FPG alone or with either a raised 1-hour or 2-hour glucose was higher than controls (all P <0.05). GDM defined by 1-hour or 2-hour hyperglycaemia only was also associated with a higher T2D GS than controls (all P <0.05). Conclusions: The different diagnostic categories that are part of the WHO 2013 criteria for GDM identify women with a genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes as well as a risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipWellcome Trusten_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute for Health Researchen_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Developmenten_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Human Genome Research Instituteen_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseasesen_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipAmerican Diabetes Associationen_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipIreland Health Research Boarden_GB
dc.identifier.citationVol. 5, article 175en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16097.3
dc.identifier.grantnumber110082en_GB
dc.identifier.grantnumberHD-34242 and HD32423en_GB
dc.identifier.grantnumberHG-004415en_GB
dc.identifier.grantnumberDK-DK097534en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/125409
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherF1000Research/Wellcome Trusten_GB
dc.rightsCopyright: © 2021 Hughes AE et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly citeden_GB
dc.subjectGestational diabetesen_GB
dc.subjectgenetic scoresen_GB
dc.subjectfasting plasma glucoseen_GB
dc.subjecttype 2 diabetesen_GB
dc.titleAll thresholds of maternal hyperglycaemia from the WHO 2013 criteria for gestational diabetes identify women with a higher genetic risk for type 2 diabetesen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2021-04-21T12:07:38Z
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available from F1000Research via the DOI in this record.en_GB
dc.descriptionData availability Underlying data Data is not freely available due to it consisting of potentially identifiable information, and as such is held securely to protect the interests of research participants in line with the guidance from the relevant ethics committees. However, the ethics committees will allow data analysed and generated in this study to be available to researchers through open collaboration. For access to the data used in this study please contact Dr Rachel Freathy (r.freathy@exeter.ac.uk) and Professor William Lowe Jr (wlowe@northwestern.edu) in relation to HAPO and Dr Rachel Freathy and Professor Fidelma Dunne (fidelma.dunne@nuigalway.ie) in relation to Atlantic DIP. Requests will be reviewed as soon as possible on receipt and will be facilitated with an agreement to ensure that data is transferred and held securely and results of new analyses shared with the relevant study investigators. The websites describing the studies and other data available are https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs000096.v4.p1 for HAPO and http://atlanticdipireland.com/for Atlantic DIP. Extended data Figshare: Extended data Wellcome Open Research 16097.pdf. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14180033 The file contains an extended data table with sensitivity analyses adjusting the genetic scores for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and age and a figure with a directed acyclic graph (DAG) showing how the relationships between the genetic scores and GDM diagnostic category are not driven by maternal pre-pregnancy BMI or age.en_GB
dc.identifier.eissn2398-502X
dc.identifier.journalWellcome Open Researchen_GB
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-02-08
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2021-03-23
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2021-04-21T11:57:10Z
refterms.versionFCDVoR
refterms.dateFOA2021-04-21T12:07:56Z
refterms.panelAen_GB


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Copyright: © 2021 Hughes AE et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as Copyright: © 2021 Hughes AE et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited