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dc.contributor.authorJack, J
dc.contributor.authorWoodgates, A
dc.contributor.authorSmail, O
dc.contributor.authorBrown, F
dc.contributor.authorLynam, K
dc.contributor.authorLester, A
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, G
dc.contributor.authorBond, B
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-02T10:37:24Z
dc.date.issued2022-11-21
dc.date.updated2022-11-02T08:58:14Z
dc.description.abstractBackground: The repeated act of heading has been implicated in the link between football participation and risk of neurodegenerative disease, and acutely alters cerebrovascular outcomes in men. This study assessed whether exposure to a realistic number of headers acutely influences indices of cerebral blood flow regulation in female footballers. Methods: Nineteen female players completed a heading trial and seated control trial on two separate days. The heading trial involved six headers in one hour (one every 10 minutes), with the ball travelling at 40 ± 5 km/h. Cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnia and hypocapnia was determined using serial breath holding and hyperventilation attempts. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) was assessed by scrutinizing the relationship between cerebral blood flow and mean arterial blood pressure during 5 minutes of squat stand maneuvers at 0.05 Hz. Neurovascular coupling (NVC) was quantified as the posterior cerebral artery blood velocity response to a visual search task. These outcomes were assessed before and one hour after the heading or control trial. Results: No significant time by trial interaction was present for the hypercapnic (P=0.48, ηp2=0.05) and hypocapnic (P=0.47, ηp2=0.06) challenge. Similarly, no significant interaction effect was present for any metric of dCA (P>0.12, ηp2<0.16 for all) or NVC (P>0.14, ηp2<0.15 for all). Conclusion: The cerebral blood flow response to changes in carbon dioxide, blood pressure and a visual search task were not altered following six headers in female footballers. Further study is needed to observe whether changes are apparent after more prolonged exposure.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipUEFAen_GB
dc.identifier.citationVol. 13, article 1021536en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fneur.2022.1021536
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/131566
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0003-1707-8245 (Williams, Genevieve)
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_GB
dc.rights© 2022 Jack, Woodgates, Smail, Brown, Lynam, Lester, Williams and Bond. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
dc.subjectSocceren_GB
dc.subjectcerebrovascular reactivityen_GB
dc.subjectCarbon Dioxideen_GB
dc.subjectautoregulationen_GB
dc.subjectneuromuscular couplingen_GB
dc.titleCerebral blood flow regulation is not acutely altered after a typical number of headers in women footballersen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2022-11-02T10:37:24Z
dc.identifier.issn1664-2295
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available on open access from Frontiers Media via the DOI in this recorden_GB
dc.descriptionData Availability Statement: The pseudonymised data for this study can be made available following reasonable requesten_GB
dc.identifier.journalFrontiers in Neurologyen_GB
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2022-10-31
dcterms.dateSubmitted2022-08-17
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2022-10-31
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2022-11-02T08:58:16Z
refterms.versionFCDAM
refterms.dateFOA2022-12-02T16:04:51Z
refterms.panelAen_GB


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© 2022 Jack, Woodgates, Smail, Brown, Lynam, Lester, Williams and Bond. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2022 Jack, Woodgates, Smail, Brown, Lynam, Lester, Williams and Bond. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.