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dc.contributor.authorAmirpourabasi, A
dc.contributor.authorLamb, SE
dc.contributor.authorChow, JY
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, GKR
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-14T09:07:11Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-10
dc.date.updated2022-12-13T15:38:47Z
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Maintaining a healthy gait into old age is key to preserving the quality of life and reducing the risk of falling. Nonlinear dynamic analyses (NDAs) are a promising method of identifying characteristics of people who are at risk of falling based on their movement patterns. However, there is a range of NDA measures reported in the literature. The aim of this review was to summarise the variety, characteristics and range of the nonlinear dynamic measurements used to distinguish the gait kinematics of healthy older adults and older adults at risk of falling. METHODS: Medline Ovid and Web of Science databases were searched. Forty-six papers were included for full-text review. Data extracted included participant and study design characteristics, fall risk assessment tools, analytical protocols and key results. RESULTS: Among all nonlinear dynamic measures, Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) was most common, followed by entropy and then Fouquet Multipliers (FMs) measures. LyE and Multiscale Entropy (MSE) measures distinguished between older and younger adults and fall-prone versus non-fall-prone older adults. FMs were a less sensitive measure for studying changes in older adults' gait. Methodology and data analysis procedures for estimating nonlinear dynamic measures differed greatly between studies and are a potential source of variability in cross-study comparisons and in generating reference values. CONCLUSION: Future studies should develop a standard procedure to apply and estimate LyE and entropy to quantify gait characteristics. This will enable the development of reference values in estimating the risk of falling.en_GB
dc.format.extent4408-
dc.format.mediumElectronic
dc.identifier.citationVol. 22, No. 12, article 4408en_GB
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/s22124408
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/132025
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0003-4349-7195 (Lamb, Sallie E)
dc.identifierScopusID: 7101956142 (Lamb, Sallie E)
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0003-1707-8245 (Williams, Geneviève KR)
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherMDPIen_GB
dc.relation.urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35746188en_GB
dc.rights© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).en_GB
dc.subjectLyapunov exponenten_GB
dc.subjectageingen_GB
dc.subjectbiomechanicsen_GB
dc.subjectdynamic stabilityen_GB
dc.subjectfall risken_GB
dc.subjectnonlinear dynamic analysisen_GB
dc.subjectwalkingen_GB
dc.titleNonlinear dynamic measures of walking in healthy older adults: A systematic scoping review.en_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2022-12-14T09:07:11Z
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
exeter.article-numberARTN 4408
exeter.place-of-publicationSwitzerland
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available from MDPI via the DOI in this record. en_GB
dc.descriptionData Availability Statement: Not applicableen_GB
dc.identifier.journalSensorsen_GB
dc.relation.ispartofSensors (Basel), 22(12)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2022-06-07
dc.rights.licenseCC BY
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2022-06-10
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2022-12-14T08:59:05Z
refterms.versionFCDVoR
refterms.dateFOA2022-12-14T09:07:12Z
refterms.panelAen_GB
refterms.dateFirstOnline2022-06-10


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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).