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dc.contributor.authorWalker, SRJ
dc.contributor.authorThies, PR
dc.contributor.authorJohanning, L
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-03T13:07:37Z
dc.date.issued2022-12-19
dc.date.updated2023-01-03T09:22:35Z
dc.description.abstractRenewable energy allows electricity generation with lower environmental and resource impact than generation from fossil fuels. However, the manufacture, use and ultimate disposal of the equipment used to capture this energy has an environmental impact, which should be minimised. Tidal turbine blades are currently primarily manufactured from glass-fibre reinforced polymers. Such blades cannot be recycled at the end of their life, and are disposed of in landfill or by incineration. As the tidal energy industry grows, the volume of non-recyclable waste is a potential problem. Here we consider the environmental impact of ten combinations of material and disposal method for tidal stream turbine blades, including recyclable options. Our findings suggest that glass fibre blades have greenhouse gas emissions of around 15,500 kgCO2e for the scope considered, and a significant environmental impact in all impact categories, which would be increased by changing to carbon fibre (99% mean increase from glass fibre across impact categories) or steel (134% mean increase from glass fibre across impact categories) blades, but that composite materials using flax fibre and recyclable resin may have lower impact (26% mean decrease from glass fibre across impact categories), provided they are treated correctly after use. These materials may also offer the potential for lower cost blades in future.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Regional Development Fund (ERDF)en_GB
dc.format.extent249-256
dc.identifier.citationVol. 5(3), pp. 249-256en_GB
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.36688/imej.5.249-256
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/132125
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0001-9790-2681 (Walker, Stuart Robert John)
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0003-3431-8423 (Thies, Philipp R)
dc.identifierScopusID: 55134959500 (Thies, Philipp R)
dc.identifierResearcherID: H-2490-2011 (Thies, Philipp R)
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherEuropean Wave and Tidal Energy Conference (EWTEC)en_GB
dc.relation.urlhttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/126492
dc.rights© 2022 Stuart Robert John Walker, Philipp R Thies, Lars Johanning. Open access. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Unrestricted use (including commercial), distribution and reproduction is permitted provided that credit is given to the original author(s) of the work, including a URI or hyperlink to the work, this public license and a copyright notice.en_GB
dc.subjectTidal turbine bladesen_GB
dc.subjectLife cycle assessmenten_GB
dc.subjectCarbon footprinten_GB
dc.subjectEnvironmental impact assessmenten_GB
dc.titleComparative Life Cycle Assessment of tidal stream turbine blades (article)en_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2023-01-03T13:07:37Z
dc.identifier.issn2631-5548
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available from EWTEC via the DOI in this recorden_GB
dc.descriptionThe conference paper version of this article is available in ORE at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/126492
dc.identifier.eissn2631-5548
dc.identifier.journalInternational Marine Energy Journalen_GB
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Marine Energy Journal, 5(3)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2022
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2022-12-19
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2023-01-03T13:05:18Z
refterms.versionFCDVoR
refterms.dateFOA2023-01-03T13:07:41Z
refterms.panelBen_GB
refterms.dateFirstOnline2022-12-19


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© 2022 Stuart Robert John Walker, Philipp R Thies, Lars Johanning. Open access.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Unrestricted use (including commercial), distribution and reproduction is permitted provided that credit is given to the original author(s) of the work, including a URI or hyperlink to the work, this public license and a copyright notice.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2022 Stuart Robert John Walker, Philipp R Thies, Lars Johanning. Open access. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Unrestricted use (including commercial), distribution and reproduction is permitted provided that credit is given to the original author(s) of the work, including a URI or hyperlink to the work, this public license and a copyright notice.