Mining of primary raw materials as the critical foundation of ‘sustainable’ metals: a wicked problem for technology innovation clusters
Moore, KR; Marquis, E; Shanks, K; et al.Wall, F
Date: 2024
Article
Journal
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
Publisher
The Royal Society
Abstract
A transition to a more sustainable human-nature system is inextricably linked to raw materials production, if economic growth is to be maintained or increased by the emergence of new, energy- and metal-hungry technology innovation clusters. The dependence on mined raw materials is a wicked problem for societies vulnerable to negative ...
A transition to a more sustainable human-nature system is inextricably linked to raw materials production, if economic growth is to be maintained or increased by the emergence of new, energy- and metal-hungry technology innovation clusters. The dependence on mined raw materials is a wicked problem for societies vulnerable to negative ecological impacts and for global power-bases wanting to secure access to an increasing array of feedstocks. We interrogate the issue of what constitutes a sustainable metal from a triple perspective: (1) the characteristics of ore deposits and the primary extractive operations that supply critical raw materials; (2) the impediments for complex and interacting supply chains to maintain critical (and other) metals in use; (3) the lack of transparency in supply chains that makes it challenging for customers to avoid resources that have been produced by unsustainable and poor practices. We examine existing and emerging structures for resource management, to explain the limits to the circular economy and what constitutes a meaningful systemic structure for primary production by responsible mining. We call for the inclusion of a standardised statement of the ‘natural capital’ embodied in R&D for technological materials, as a means to create transparency about what constitutes a sustainable metal.
Earth and Environmental Science
Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2024. This version is made available under the CC-BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/by/4.0