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dc.contributor.authorCollard, T
dc.contributor.authorRose, P
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-22T13:40:48Z
dc.date.issued2024-07-15
dc.date.updated2024-07-19T13:27:20Z
dc.description.abstractUnusual or extraordinary circumstances can cause change to normal husbandry regimes and daily care of managed animals. Increased biosecurity due to disease risk, for example, results in animals experiencing restrictions. Outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) have caused zoos to remove birds from their regular exhibits and manage them indoors or in covered enclosures to reduce the likelihood of an HPAI outbreak on site. To date, there has been little research on the impacts of such husbandry change on bird behaviour and welfare. This paper examines the effect of an HPAI-induced enforced housing order (HO) on the behaviour and physical condition of a flock of Chilean flamingos in a UK zoo. Using ZooMonitor to record flock-wide behaviour patterns and scoring plumage condition, we collected data on flamingos during a housing order, immediately after lifting of the HO, and after a period of acclimation to their regular routine. Results showed that flamingos were very inactive under a HO and after release, that abnormal, redirected foraging actions occurred during the HO and after release, and that flamingos were more alert under the HO. An increase in records of good plumage condition correlated with social behaviour, inactivity, higher temperatures, and rain. This research highlights the multifactorial influences on zoo animal behaviour and shows why information on the animals, their inputs, the behavioural outputs they present, and their physical attributes should all be gathered and evaluated together to best understand the influences of husbandry and management changes on behaviour and welfare.en_GB
dc.format.extent416-433
dc.identifier.citationVol. 5(3), pp. 416-433en_GB
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg5030028
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/136816
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0002-5375-8267 (Rose, Paul)
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherMDPIen_GB
dc.rights© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).en_GB
dc.subjectHPAIen_GB
dc.subjectflamingoen_GB
dc.subjectzooen_GB
dc.subjectanimal welfareen_GB
dc.subjecthusbandryen_GB
dc.titleEvaluating Potential Indicators of Welfare for Zoo Birds during an Avian Influenza Enforced Housing Orderen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2024-07-22T13:40:48Z
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available on open access from MDPI via the DOI in this recorden_GB
dc.descriptionData Availability Statement: Raw data are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.en_GB
dc.identifier.eissn2673-5636
dc.identifier.journalJournal of Zoological and Botanical Gardensen_GB
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 5(3)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-07-09
dcterms.dateSubmitted2024-06-18
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2024-07-15
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2024-07-22T13:39:15Z
refterms.versionFCDVoR
refterms.dateFOA2024-07-22T13:40:55Z
refterms.panelAen_GB
refterms.dateFirstOnline2024-07-15
exeter.rights-retention-statementNo


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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).