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dc.contributor.authorRussell, AE
dc.contributor.authorFord, Tamsin
dc.contributor.authorRussell, G
dc.date.accessioned2015-07-01T13:50:55Z
dc.date.issued2015-06-01
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Children from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds are at greater risk of a range of negative outcomes throughout their life course than their peers; however the specific mechanisms by which socioeconomic status relates to different health outcomes in childhood are as yet unclear. AIMS: The current study investigates the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and investigates putative mediators of this association in a longitudinal population-based birth cohort in the UK. METHODS: Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children was used (n = 8,132) to explore the relationship between different measures of socioeconomic status at birth-3 years and their association with a diagnosis of ADHD at age 7. A multiple mediation model was utilised to examine factors occurring between these ages that may mediate the association. RESULTS: Financial difficulties, housing tenure, maternal age at birth of child and marital status were significantly associated with an outcome of ADHD, such that families either living in financial difficulty, living in council housing, with younger or single mothers' were more likely to have a child with a research diagnosis of ADHD at age 7. Financial difficulties was the strongest predictor of ADHD (OR 2.23 95% CI 1.57-3.16). In the multiple mediation model, involvement in parenting at age 6 and presence of adversity at age 2-4 mediated 27.8% of the association. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic disadvantage, conceptualised as reported difficulty in affording basic necessities (e.g. heating, food) has both direct and indirect impacts on a child's risk of ADHD. Lower levels of parent involvement mediates this association, as does presence of adversity; with children exposed to adversity and those with less involved parents being at an increased risk of having ADHD. This study highlights the importance of home and environmental factors as small but important contributors toward the aetiology of ADHD.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipMedical Research Councilen_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipWellcome Trusten_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipESRC Secondary Data Analysis Initiativeen_GB
dc.identifier.citationVol. 10 (6), article e0128248en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0128248
dc.identifier.grantnumber092731en_GB
dc.identifier.grantnumberES/K003356/1en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/17730
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_GB
dc.relation.urlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26030626en_GB
dc.rights© 2015 Russell et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_GB
dc.titleSocioeconomic Associations with ADHD: Findings from a Mediation Analysisen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2015-07-01T13:50:55Z
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
exeter.place-of-publicationUnited States
dc.descriptionThis is a freely-available open access publication. Please cite the published version which is available via the DOI link in this record.en_GB
dc.identifier.journalPLoS Oneen_GB


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