dc.contributor.author | Oram, RA | |
dc.contributor.author | McDonald, TJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Shields, BM | |
dc.contributor.author | Hudson, MM | |
dc.contributor.author | Shepherd, MH | |
dc.contributor.author | Hammersley, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Pearson, ER | |
dc.contributor.author | Hattersley, Andrew T. | |
dc.contributor.author | UNITED Team | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-08-21T08:14:46Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2015-02 | |
dc.description.abstract | OBJECTIVE: Small studies using ultrasensitive C-peptide assays suggest endogenous insulin secretion is frequently detectable in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D), but these studies do not use representative samples. We aimed to use the stimulated urine C-peptide-to-creatinine ratio (UCPCR) to assess C-peptide levels in a large cross-sectional, population-based study of patients with T1D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We recruited 924 patients from primary and secondary care in two U.K. centers who had a clinical diagnosis of T1D, were under 30 years of age when they received a diagnosis, and had a diabetes duration of >5 years. The median age at diagnosis was 11 years (interquartile range 6-17 years), and the duration of diabetes was 19 years (11-27 years). All provided a home postmeal UCPCR, which was measured using a Roche electrochemiluminescence assay. RESULTS: Eighty percent of patients (740 of 924 patients) had detectable endogenous C-peptide levels (UCPCR >0.001 nmol/mmol). Most patients (52%, 483 of 924 patients) had historically very low undetectable levels (UCPCR 0.0013-0.03 nmol/mmol); 8% of patients (70 of 924 patients) had a UCPCR ≥0.2 nmol/mmol, equivalent to serum levels associated with reduced complications and hypoglycemia. Absolute UCPCR levels fell with duration of disease. Age at diagnosis and duration of disease were independent predictors of C-peptide level in multivariate modeling. CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study shows that the majority of long-duration T1D patients have detectable urine C-peptide levels. While the majority of patients are insulin microsecretors, some maintain clinically relevant endogenous insulin secretion for many years after the diagnosis of diabetes. Understanding this may lead to a better understanding of pathogenesis in T1D and open new possibilities for treatment. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Health Innovation Challenge Fund (HICF) | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Wellcome Trust | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 38, pp. 323 - 328 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.2337/dc14-0871 | |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | HICF 1009-041 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | WT091985 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.other | dc14-0871 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18097 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | American Diabetes Association | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25519449 | en_GB |
dc.rights | © 2015 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered | en_GB |
dc.subject | Adult | en_GB |
dc.subject | C-Peptide | en_GB |
dc.subject | Child | en_GB |
dc.subject | Creatinine | en_GB |
dc.subject | Cross-Sectional Studies | en_GB |
dc.subject | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 | en_GB |
dc.subject | Female | en_GB |
dc.subject | Humans | en_GB |
dc.subject | Hypoglycemia | en_GB |
dc.subject | Insulin | en_GB |
dc.subject | Male | en_GB |
dc.subject | Postprandial Period | en_GB |
dc.subject | Time Factors | en_GB |
dc.subject | Young Adult | en_GB |
dc.title | Most people with long-duration type 1 diabetes in a large population-based study are insulin microsecretors. | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2015-08-21T08:14:46Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0149-5992 | |
exeter.place-of-publication | United States | |
dc.description | This is the author version of an article submitted to Diabetes Care. The definitive version is available online via: doi: 10.2337/dc14-0871 | en_GB |
dc.description | This article contains Supplementary Data online at http://care.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.2337/dc14-0871/-/DC1. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1935-5548 | |
dc.identifier.journal | Diabetes Care | en_GB |
dc.identifier.pmid | 25519449 | |