dc.contributor.author | Wei, Z | |
dc.contributor.author | Bobbili, PR | |
dc.contributor.author | Senthilarasu, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Shimell, T | |
dc.contributor.author | Upadhyaya, HM | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-06-03T12:34:19Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2014-02-25 | |
dc.description.abstract | Substantial efforts have been made globally towards improving Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cell efficiencies with several organisations successfully exceeding the 20% barrier on a research level using the three-stage CIGS process, but commercial mass production of the three-stage process has been limited due to the technological difficulties of scaling-up. An attempt has been made to identify these issues by designing and manufacturing an in-line pilot production deposition system for the three-stage CIGS process which is capable of processing 30 cm × 30 cm modules. The optimisation of the process parameters such as source and substrate temperature, deposition uniformity, flux of copper, indium, gallium and selenium and thickness control has been presented in this investigation. A simplistic thickness distribution model of the evaporated films was developed to predict and validate the designed deposition process, which delivers a comparable simulation compared with the experimental data. These experiments also focused on the optimisation of the temperature uniformity across 30 cm × 30 cm area using a specially designed graphite heating system, which is crucial to form the correct α-phase CIGS in the desired time period. A three-dimensional heat transfer model using COMSOL Multiphysics 4.2a software has been developed and validated with the help of experimental data. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | This research work was supported partially through the funding support received from EPSRC UK–India programme APEX (EP/H040218/1) and partially supported by Excitonic Supergen (EPSRC (EP(G03101088/1)) programme. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 241, pp. 159–167 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.10.033 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21823 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Elsevier | en_GB |
dc.rights | Open Access funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Under a Creative Commons license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ | en_GB |
dc.subject | CIGS solar cells | en_GB |
dc.subject | Up-scaling | en_GB |
dc.subject | Uniformity | en_GB |
dc.subject | Evaporation | en_GB |
dc.subject | Thickness | en_GB |
dc.subject | Heat transfer | en_GB |
dc.title | Design and optimisation of process parameters in an in-line CIGS evaporation pilot system | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2016-06-03T12:34:19Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0257-8972 | |
pubs.declined | 2016-06-03T14:01:37.179+0100 | |
pubs.deleted | 2016-06-03T14:01:37.474+0100 | |
dc.description | This is the final version of the article. Available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Surface and Coatings Technology | en_GB |