dc.contributor.author | Holsgrove, TP | |
dc.contributor.author | Miles, AW | |
dc.contributor.author | Gheduzzi, S | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-02-14T13:41:47Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016-12-30 | |
dc.description.abstract | In-vitro testing protocols used for spine studies should replicate the in-vivo load environment as closely as possible. Unconstrained moments are regularly employed to test spinal specimens in-vitro, but applying such loads dynamically using an active six-axis testing system remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to assess the capability of a custom-developed spine simulator to apply dynamic unconstrained moments with an axial preload.Flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation were applied to an L5/L6 porcine specimen at 0.1 and 0.3. Hz. Non-principal moments and shear forces were minimized using load control. A 500. N axial load was applied prior to tests, and held stationary during testing to assess the effect of rotational motion on axial load.Non-principal loads were minimized to within the load cell noise-floor at 0.1. Hz, and within two-times the load-cell noise-floor in all but two cases at 0.3. Hz. The adoption of position control in axial compression-extension resulted in axial loads with qualitative similarities to in-vivo data.This study successfully applied dynamic, unconstrained moments with a physiological preload using a six-axis control system. Future studies will investigate the application of dynamic load vectors, multi-segment specimens, and assess the effect of injury and degeneration. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | The authors would like to thank the Higher Education Investment Fund, The Enid Linder Foundation, and the University of Bath Alumni Fund for their support with this study. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Available online 30 December 2016 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.12.004 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/25846 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Elsevier | en_GB |
dc.rights.embargoreason | Publisher's policy. | en_GB |
dc.rights | ©2016 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | en_GB |
dc.title | The application of physiological loading using a dynamic, multi-axis spine simulator | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.identifier.issn | 1350-4533 | |
dc.description | This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Medical Engineering and Physics | en_GB |