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dc.contributor.authorHolsgrove, TP
dc.contributor.authorMiles, AW
dc.contributor.authorGheduzzi, S
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-14T13:41:47Z
dc.date.issued2016-12-30
dc.description.abstractIn-vitro testing protocols used for spine studies should replicate the in-vivo load environment as closely as possible. Unconstrained moments are regularly employed to test spinal specimens in-vitro, but applying such loads dynamically using an active six-axis testing system remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to assess the capability of a custom-developed spine simulator to apply dynamic unconstrained moments with an axial preload.Flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation were applied to an L5/L6 porcine specimen at 0.1 and 0.3. Hz. Non-principal moments and shear forces were minimized using load control. A 500. N axial load was applied prior to tests, and held stationary during testing to assess the effect of rotational motion on axial load.Non-principal loads were minimized to within the load cell noise-floor at 0.1. Hz, and within two-times the load-cell noise-floor in all but two cases at 0.3. Hz. The adoption of position control in axial compression-extension resulted in axial loads with qualitative similarities to in-vivo data.This study successfully applied dynamic, unconstrained moments with a physiological preload using a six-axis control system. Future studies will investigate the application of dynamic load vectors, multi-segment specimens, and assess the effect of injury and degeneration.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors would like to thank the Higher Education Investment Fund, The Enid Linder Foundation, and the University of Bath Alumni Fund for their support with this study.en_GB
dc.identifier.citationAvailable online 30 December 2016en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.12.004
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/25846
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherElsevieren_GB
dc.rights.embargoreasonPublisher's policy.en_GB
dc.rights©2016 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.en_GB
dc.titleThe application of physiological loading using a dynamic, multi-axis spine simulatoren_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.identifier.issn1350-4533
dc.descriptionThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.en_GB
dc.identifier.journalMedical Engineering and Physicsen_GB


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