dc.contributor.author | O'Sullivan, D | |
dc.contributor.author | Murray, BJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Malkin, TL | |
dc.contributor.author | Whale, TF | |
dc.contributor.author | Umo, NS | |
dc.contributor.author | Atkinson, JD | |
dc.contributor.author | Price, HC | |
dc.contributor.author | Baustian, KJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Browse, J | |
dc.contributor.author | Webb, ME | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-07-31T15:54:39Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2014-02-18 | |
dc.description.abstract | Agricultural dust emissions have been estimated to contribute around 20% to the global dust burden. In contrast to dusts from arid source regions, the ice-nucleating abilities of which have been relatively well studied, soil dusts from fertile sources often contain a substantial fraction of organic matter. Using an experimental methodology which is sensitive to a wide range of ice nucleation efficiencies, we have characterised the immersion mode ice-nucleating activities of dusts (d<11 μ m) extracted from fertile soils collected at four locations around England. By controlling droplet sizes, which ranged in volume from 10-12to 10-6L (concentration=0.02 to 0.1 wt% dust), we have been able to determine the ice nucleation behaviour of soil dust particles at temperatures ranging from 267K (-6°C) down to the homogeneous limit of freezing at about 237K (-36°C). At temperatures above 258K (-15°C) we find that the ice-nucleating activity of soil dusts is diminished by heat treatment or digestion with hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that a major fraction of the ice nuclei stems from biogenic components in the soil. However, below 258 K, we find that the ice active site densities tend towards those expected from the mineral components in the soils, suggesting that the inorganic fraction of soil dusts, in particular the K-feldspar fraction, becomes increasingly important in the initiation of the ice phase at lower temperatures. We conclude that dusts from agricultural activities could contribute significantly to atmospheric IN concentrations, if such dusts exhibit similar activities to those observed in the current laboratory study. © 2014 Author(s). | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | The authors wish to thank V. Phillips for helpful discussions. Financial support for this work was provided by the National Environmental Research Council (NERC) (NE/I013466/1;NE/I020059/1; NE/I019057/1) and the European Research Council (FP7, 240449 ICE). NSU thanks the Nigerian Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC/DEHSS/2010PGFS/AK/011). | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 14, pp. 1853 - 1867 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.5194/acp-14-1853-2014 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/33618 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | European Geosciences Union (EGU) | en_GB |
dc.rights | © 2014,The Author(s). Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. | en_GB |
dc.subject | Ice nucleation | en_GB |
dc.subject | Agricultural dust emissions | en_GB |
dc.title | Ice nucleation by fertile soil dusts: Relative importance of mineral and biogenic components | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2018-07-31T15:54:39Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1680-7316 | |
dc.description | This is the final version of the article. Available from European Geosciences Union (EGU) via the DOI in this record. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics | en_GB |