dc.contributor.author | Smith, A | |
dc.contributor.author | Kaczmar, A | |
dc.contributor.author | Bamford, RA | |
dc.contributor.author | Smith, C | |
dc.contributor.author | Frustaci, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Kovacs-Simon, A | |
dc.contributor.author | O'Neill, P | |
dc.contributor.author | Moore, K | |
dc.contributor.author | Paszkiewicz, K | |
dc.contributor.author | Titball, RW | |
dc.contributor.author | Pagliara, S | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-09-28T14:07:43Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2018-08-15 | |
dc.description.abstract | Microorganisms shape the composition of the medium they are growing in, which in turn has profound consequences on the reprogramming of the population gene-expression profile. In this paper, we investigate the progressive changes in pH and sugar availability in the medium of a growing Escherichia coli (E. coli) culture. We show how these changes have an effect on both the cellular heterogeneity within the microbial community and the gene-expression profile of the microbial population. We measure the changes in gene-expression as E. coli moves from lag, to exponential, and finally into stationary phase. We found that pathways linked to the changes in the medium composition such as ribosomal, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), transport, and metabolism pathways are strongly regulated during the different growth phases. In order to quantify the corresponding temporal changes in the population heterogeneity, we measure the fraction of E. coli persisters surviving different antibiotic treatments during the various phases of growth. We show that the composition of the medium in which β-lactams or quinolones, but not aminoglycosides, are dissolved strongly affects the measured phenotypic heterogeneity within the culture. Our findings contribute to a better understanding on how the composition of the culture medium influences both the reprogramming in the population gene-expression and the emergence of phenotypic variants. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | This work was supported by a Royal Society Research Grant (RG140203), a Wellcome Trust Strategic Seed Corn Fund (WT097835/Z/11/Z), and a start up Grant from the University of Exeter awarded to SP. AS acknowledges support from the BBSRC through a SWBio-DTP studentship (BB/M009122/1). KP, KM, and PO would like to acknowledge support from the following awards: Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund (WT097835MF), Wellcome Trust Multi User Equipment Award (WT101650MA), and Medical Research Council Clinical Infrastructure Funding (MR/M008924/1). This work was partly supported by BBSRC award BB/1024631/1 to RT. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 9, article 1739 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01739 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34136 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Frontiers Media | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30158905 | en_GB |
dc.rights | © 2018 Smith, Kaczmar, Bamford, Smith, Frustaci, Kovacs-Simon, O’Neill, Moore, Paszkiewicz, Titball and Pagliara. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY): https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. | en_GB |
dc.subject | Escherichia coli | en_GB |
dc.subject | KEGG pathways | en_GB |
dc.subject | antibiotics | en_GB |
dc.subject | bacterial physiology | en_GB |
dc.subject | gene-expression profiling | en_GB |
dc.subject | metabolism | en_GB |
dc.subject | persisters | en_GB |
dc.subject | phenotypic heterogeneity | en_GB |
dc.title | The Culture Environment Influences Both Gene Regulation and Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Escherichia coli | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2018-09-28T14:07:43Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1664-302X | |
exeter.place-of-publication | Switzerland | en_GB |
dc.description | This is the final version of the article. Available from Frontiers Media via the DOI in this record. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Frontiers in Microbiology | en_GB |