dc.contributor.author | Wagley, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Bokori-Brown, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Morcrette, H | |
dc.contributor.author | Malaspina, A | |
dc.contributor.author | D'Arcy, C | |
dc.contributor.author | Gnanapavan, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Lewis, N | |
dc.contributor.author | Popoff, MR | |
dc.contributor.author | Raciborska, D | |
dc.contributor.author | Nicholas, R | |
dc.contributor.author | Turner, B | |
dc.contributor.author | Titball, RW | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-11-12T15:44:39Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2018-04-21 | |
dc.description.abstract | BACKGROUND: It was recently reported that, using Western blotting, some multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in the United States had antibodies against epsilon toxin (Etx) from Clostridium perfringens, suggesting that the toxin may play a role in the disease. OBJECTIVE: We investigated for serum antibodies against Etx in UK patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) or presenting with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or optic neuritis (ON) and in age- and gender-matched controls. METHODS: We tested sera from CDMS, CIS or ON patients or controls by Western blotting. We also tested CDMS sera for reactivity with linear overlapping peptides spanning the amino acid sequence (Pepscan) of Etx. RESULTS: Using Western blotting, 24% of sera in the combined CDMS, CIS and ON groups ( n = 125) reacted with Etx. In the control group ( n = 125), 10% of the samples reacted. Using Pepscan, 33% of sera tested reacted with at least one peptide, whereas in the control group only 16% of sera reacted. Out of 61 samples, 21 (43%) were positive to one or other testing methodology. Three samples were positive by Western blotting and Pepscan. CONCLUSION: Our results broadly support the previous findings and the role of Etx in the aetiology of MS warrants further investigation. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the MS Sciences Ltd and by the NIHR Exeter CRF | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Published online 21 April 2018 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1177/1352458518767327 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34735 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | SAGE Publications | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29681209 | en_GB |
dc.rights | © The Author(s) 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). | en_GB |
dc.subject | Clostridium perfringens | en_GB |
dc.subject | epsilon toxin | en_GB |
dc.subject | multiple sclerosis | en_GB |
dc.title | Evidence of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin associated with multiple sclerosis | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2018-11-12T15:44:39Z | |
exeter.place-of-publication | England | en_GB |
dc.description | This is the final version. Available from SAGE Publications via the DOI in this record | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Multiple Sclerosis Journal | en_GB |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2018-02-06 | |
rioxxterms.version | VoR | |
refterms.dateFCD | 2019-07-31T10:19:33Z | |
refterms.versionFCD | VoR | |