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dc.contributor.authorOutram, Alan Ken_GB
dc.contributor.departmentUniversity of Exeteren_GB
dc.date.accessioned2008-06-03T15:43:51Zen_GB
dc.date.accessioned2011-01-25T10:35:32Zen_GB
dc.date.accessioned2013-03-20T14:05:04Z
dc.date.issued2003-10-01en_GB
dc.description.abstractThe background to the Icelandic and Greenlandic sites under investigation is outlined and prior work on the Norse economies of the two islands is discussed. The importance of fat in the diet and the use of levels of bone marrow and grease exploitation as an indicator of subsistence stress are explained. The methodology for establishing levels of bone fat exploitation is outlined. This methodology involves the detailed study of fragmentation levels of different types of bone, study of bone fracture types and many other taphonomic indicators. The results of the study are described and discussed. On Greenland, the Norse inhabitants exploited almost all available fat from land mammal bones, leaving only the ribs. lt is argued that this indicates a severe level of subsistence stress amongst the Greenlanders that is most likely related to a seasonal dearth in resources. On lceland, whilst a certain amount of bone marrow is almost certainly exploited, the settlers appear to almost totally ignore the potential to exploit bone grease. This is likely to be indicative of a much more healthy subsistence economy than on Greenland. These results are discussed in relation to differing climate, availability of good soil, fishing practices and seasonal rounds.en_GB
dc.identifier.citationVol. 8 (2), pp.119-128en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1179/env.2003.8.2.119
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10036/29396en_GB
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherOxbow Books for the Association for Environmental Archaeologyen_GB
dc.subjectNorseen_GB
dc.subjectIcelanden_GB
dc.subjectGreenlanden_GB
dc.subjectbone marrowen_GB
dc.subjectbone greaseen_GB
dc.subjectfaten_GB
dc.subjectsubsistenceen_GB
dc.titleComparing levels of subsistence stress amongst Norse settlers in Iceland and Greenland using levels of bone fat exploitation as an indicatoren_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2008-06-03T15:43:51Zen_GB
dc.date.available2011-01-25T10:35:32Zen_GB
dc.date.available2013-03-20T14:05:04Z
dc.identifier.isbn1-84217-136-4en_GB
dc.identifier.issn1461-4103en_GB
dc.descriptionReproduced with permission of the publisher. Copyright © Oxbow Books and the Association for Environmental Archaeology 2003.en_GB
dc.identifier.journalEnvironmental Archaeologyen_GB


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