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dc.contributor.authorLam, A
dc.contributor.authorMercure, J-F
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-17T15:17:36Z
dc.date.issued2021-03-17
dc.description.abstractReducing transport emissions, in particular CO2 emissions from passenger vehicles, is a key element in mitigating the risk of climate change. Conventional welfare economics recommends the use of comprehensive pricing of carbon emissions, which may not necessarily be the most effective approach in transport systems. This paper uses an evolutionary technology diffusion model to simulate the impact of climate policies on passenger car emissions in the US, UK, Japan, China and India up to 2050, seeking to understand policy interaction. We analyse six commonly seen policy instruments and explore systematically the impact of combining each of these policies by developing 63 scenarios for the US, UK, China, Japan, and India. We assess both the policies’ effectiveness in achieving emissions reductions and their cost-effectiveness in doing so. We show how the diffusion dynamics of the system can lead to interaction of policy levers, generating synergies in some cases (combined effectiveness more than the sum of its parts), and mutual impediment effects in others (combined effectiveness less than the sum of its parts). The paper identifies particular combinations of regulatory, procurement and fiscal policies that are particularly effective at generating rapid change without needing the use of very high fuel taxes or carbon pricing. Notably, combining electric vehicle mandates with taxes and regulations on combustion vehicles is highly effective, as it simultaneously improves the availability of low-carbon options while penalising high carbon options. Simple principles for policymaking can be inferred.en_GB
dc.identifier.citationVol. 75, article 101951en_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.erss.2021.101951
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/125146
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherElsevieren_GB
dc.rights.embargoreasonUnder embargo until 17 March 2022 in compliance with publisher policyen_GB
dc.subjectEnvironmental policyen_GB
dc.subjectTechnology diffusionen_GB
dc.subjectCO2 emission reductionen_GB
dc.subjectPassenger carsen_GB
dc.titleWhich policy mixes are best for decarbonising passenger cars? Simulating interactions among taxes, subsidies and regulations for the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, China, and Indiaen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2021-03-17T15:17:36Z
dc.identifier.issn2214-6296
dc.descriptionThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record en_GB
dc.identifier.journalEnergy Research and Social Scienceen_GB
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/  en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-01-19
dc.rights.license© 2021. This version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/  
rioxxterms.versionAMen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2021-03-17
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2021-03-17T14:24:54Z
refterms.versionFCDAM
refterms.panelCen_GB


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