dc.contributor.author | Prümers, H | |
dc.contributor.author | Betancourt, CJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Iriarte, J | |
dc.contributor.author | Robinson, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Schaich, M | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-06-14T10:56:59Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-05-25 | |
dc.date.updated | 2022-06-14T10:08:22Z | |
dc.description.abstract | Archaeological remains of agrarian-based, low-density urbananism1-3 have been reported to exist beneath the tropical forests of Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka and Central America4-6. However, beyond some large interconnected settlements in southern Amazonia7-9, there has been no such evidence for pre-Hispanic Amazonia. Here we present lidar data of sites belonging to the Casarabe culture (around AD 500 to AD 1400)10-13 in the Llanos de Mojos savannah-forest mosaic, southwest Amazonia, revealing the presence of two remarkably large sites (147 ha and 315 ha) in a dense four-tiered settlement system. The Casarabe culture area, as far as known today, spans approximately 4,500 km2, with one of the large settlement sites controlling an area of approximately 500 km2. The civic-ceremonial architecture of these large settlement sites includes stepped platforms, on top of which lie U-shaped structures, rectangular platform mounds and conical pyramids (which are up to 22 m tall). The large settlement sites are surrounded by ranked concentric polygonal banks and represent central nodes that are connected to lower-ranked sites by straight, raised causeways that stretch over several kilometres. Massive water-management infrastructure, composed of canals and reservoirs, complete the settlement system in an anthropogenically modified landscape. Our results indicate that the Casarabe-culture settlement pattern represents a type of tropical low-density urbanism that has not previously been described in Amazonia. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | European Commission | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | German Archaeological Institute | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Intervenciones Urbanas, Bolivian Planification Ministry | en_GB |
dc.format.extent | 325-328 | |
dc.format.medium | Print-Electronic | |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 606, pp. 325-328 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04780-4 | |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | ES/M000869/1 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/129943 | |
dc.identifier | ORCID: 0000-0002-8155-5360 (Iriarte, José) | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Nature Research | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35614221 | en_GB |
dc.rights | © The Author(s) 2022. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. | en_GB |
dc.title | Lidar reveals pre-Hispanic low-density urbanism in the Bolivian Amazon. | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2022-06-14T10:56:59Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0028-0836 | |
exeter.place-of-publication | England | |
dc.description | This is the final version. Available on open access from Nature Research via the DOI in this record | en_GB |
dc.description | Data availability: All relevant data are provided with the paper and its Supplementary Information. The complete datasets used to calibrate all radiocarbon dates are available in Supplementary Tables 2–4. | en_GB |
dc.description | Code availability: Code used for the calibration of the 14C dates in OxCal is available in Supplementary Tables 2–4. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1476-4687 | |
dc.identifier.journal | Nature | en_GB |
dc.relation.ispartof | Nature, 606(7913) | |
dc.rights.uri | http://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved | en_GB |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2022-04-20 | |
dc.rights.license | CC BY | |
rioxxterms.version | VoR | en_GB |
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate | 2022-05-25 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | en_GB |
refterms.dateFCD | 2022-06-14T10:54:35Z | |
refterms.versionFCD | VoR | |
refterms.dateFOA | 2022-06-14T10:57:17Z | |
refterms.panel | C | en_GB |