Lightning-induced chemistry on tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets
dc.contributor.author | Braam, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Palmer, PI | |
dc.contributor.author | Decin, L | |
dc.contributor.author | Ridgway, RJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Zamyatina, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Mayne, NJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Sergeev, DE | |
dc.contributor.author | Abraham, NL | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-09-22T13:52:25Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-09-26 | |
dc.date.updated | 2022-09-22T11:47:37Z | |
dc.description.abstract | Determining the habitability and interpreting atmospheric spectra of exoplanets requires understanding their atmospheric physics and chemistry. We use a 3-D Coupled Climate-Chemistry Model, the Met Office Unified Model with the UK Chemistry and Aerosols framework, to study the emergence of lightning and its chemical impact on tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets. We simulate the atmosphere of Proxima Centauri b orbiting in the Habitable Zone of its M-dwarf star, but the results apply to similar M-dwarf orbiting planets. Our chemical network includes the Chapman ozone reactions and hydrogen oxide (HOx=H+OH+HO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx=NO+NO2) catalytic cycles. We find that photochemistry driven by stellar radiation (177–850 nm) supports a global ozone layer between 20–50 km. We parameterise lightning flashes as a function of cloud-top height and the resulting production of nitric oxide (NO) from the thermal decomposition of N2 and O2. Rapid dayside convection over and around the substellar point results in lightning flash rates of up to 0.16 flashes km−2 yr−1 , enriching the dayside atmosphere below altitudes of 20 km in NOx. Changes in dayside ozone are determined mainly by UV irradiance and the HOx catalytic cycle. ∼45% of the planetary dayside surface remains at habitable temperatures (Tsurf>273.15 K) and the ozone layer reduces surface UV radiation levels to 15%. Dayside-nightside thermal gradients result in strong winds that subsequently advect NOx towards the nightside, where the absence of photochemistry allows NOx chemistry to involve reservoir species. Our study also emphasizes the need for accurate UV stellar spectra to understand the atmospheric chemistry of exoplanets. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | European Union Horizon 2020 | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | KU Leuven | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | FWO | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | University of Exeter | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | Leverhulme Trust | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | UKRI | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 517 (2), pp. 2383–2402 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1093/mnras/stac2722 | |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | 860470 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | ST/V000594/1 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | IDN/19/028 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | G086217N | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | ST/R000395/1 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | RPG-2020-82 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | MR/T040866/1 | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/130921 | |
dc.identifier | ORCID: 0000-0001-6707-4563 (Mayne, Nathan) | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) / Royal Astronomical Society | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/modelling-systems/unifiedmodel | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | https://www.ess.uci.edu/researchgrp/prather/scholar_software/fastjx | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | https://github.com/marrickb/exo_lightning_code | en_GB |
dc.rights | © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. | en_GB |
dc.subject | Planets and satellites: terrestrial planets | en_GB |
dc.subject | Planets and satellites: atmospheres | en_GB |
dc.subject | Planets and satellites: composition | en_GB |
dc.title | Lightning-induced chemistry on tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2022-09-22T13:52:25Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1365-2966 | |
dc.description | This is the final version. Available on open access from Oxford University Press via the DOI in this record | en_GB |
dc.description | Data availability: All the CCM data was generated using the Met Office Unified Model and UK Chemistry and Aerosol model (https://www.ukca.ac.uk/), which are available for use under licence; see http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/modelling-systems/unifiedmodel. The offline version of Fast-JX is publicly available at https://www.ess.uci.edu/researchgrp/prather/scholar_software/fastjx. The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author. We used the iris (Met Office 2022) and aeolus (Sergeev & Zamyatina 2022) python packages for the post-processing of model output. Scripts to process and visualize the data are available on github: https://github.com/marrickb/exo_lightning_code | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | en_GB |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_GB |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2022-09-21 | |
dcterms.dateSubmitted | 2022-05-17 | |
rioxxterms.version | VoR | en_GB |
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate | 2022-09-21 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | en_GB |
refterms.dateFCD | 2022-09-22T11:47:40Z | |
refterms.versionFCD | AM | |
refterms.dateFOA | 2022-10-27T12:44:29Z | |
refterms.panel | B | en_GB |
Files in this item
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.