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dc.contributor.authorLankhuijzen, LM
dc.contributor.authorRidler, T
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-08T14:30:03Z
dc.date.issued2024-01-05
dc.date.updated2024-01-08T13:39:20Z
dc.description.abstractA lack of treatment options for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) demands an urgent quest for new therapies to recover neuronal damage and reduce seizures, potentially interrupting the neurotoxic cascades that fuel hyper-excitability. Endogenous opioids, along with their respective receptors, particularly dynorphin and kappa-opioid-receptor, present as attractive candidates for controlling neuronal excitability and therapeutics in epilepsy. We perform a critical review of the literature to evaluate the role of opioids in modulating microglial function and morphology in epilepsy. We find that, in accordance with anticonvulsant effects, acute opioid receptor activation has unique abilities to modulate microglial activation through toll-like 4 receptors, regulating downstream secretion of cytokines. Abnormal activation of microglia is a dominant feature of neuroinflammation, and inflammatory cytokines are found to aggravate TLE, inspiring the challenge to alter microglial activation by opioids to suppress seizures. We further evaluate how opioids can modulate microglial activation in epilepsy to enhance neuroprotection and reduce seizures. With controlled application, opioids may interrupt inflammatory cycles in epilepsy, to protect neuronal function and reduce seizures. Research on opioid-microglia interactions has important implications for epilepsy and healthcare approaches. However, preclinical research on opioid modulation of microglia supports a new therapeutic pathway for TLE.en_GB
dc.identifier.citationPublished on 5 January 2024en_GB
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1298489
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/134940
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0002-8236-9033 (Ridler, Thomas)
dc.identifierScopusID: 57057734200 (Ridler, Thomas)
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_GB
dc.rightsCopyright © 2024 Lankhuijzen and Ridler. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.en_GB
dc.subjectepilepsyen_GB
dc.subjectmicrogliaen_GB
dc.subjectopioidsen_GB
dc.subjectseizureen_GB
dc.subjecttemporal lobeen_GB
dc.subjectinflammationen_GB
dc.subjectdynorphinen_GB
dc.titleOpioids, microglia, and temporal lobe epilepsyen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2024-01-08T14:30:03Z
dc.descriptionThis is the final version. Available from Frontiers Media via the DOI in this record. en_GB
dc.identifier.eissn1664-2295
dc.identifier.journalFrontiers in Neurologyen_GB
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Neurology, 14
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_GB
dcterms.dateAccepted2023-12-15
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2023-12-15
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2024-01-08T14:22:08Z
refterms.versionFCDVoR
refterms.dateFOA2024-01-08T14:30:07Z
refterms.panelUnspecifieden_GB
refterms.dateFirstOnline2024-01-05


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Copyright © 2024 Lankhuijzen and Ridler. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's licence is described as Copyright © 2024 Lankhuijzen and Ridler. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.