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dc.contributor.authorDey, D
dc.contributor.authorGeen, R
dc.contributor.authorLambert, FH
dc.contributor.authorAgrawal, S
dc.contributor.authorVallis, G
dc.contributor.authorMarsh, R
dc.contributor.authorSkliris, N
dc.contributor.authorDöös, K
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-09T10:19:57Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-20
dc.date.updated2024-01-08T20:19:01Z
dc.description.abstractThe East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) rainfall provides water security and socio-economic benefit for over 20% of the global population. However, the sources of this rainfall and how it is carried to the East Asian landmass is still uncertain. To address this, atmospheric water sources and pathways associated with the East Asian summer rainfall are identified and quantified in the present study using atmospheric water trajectories, calculated with a novel Lagrangian framework. Evaporated water from the East Asian landmass is found to be the major contributor to East Asian rainfall, amounting to local recycling. The results further indicated that the South Indian Ocean is a major non-local source for rainfall over southern East Asia during June to August. The role of the South Indian Ocean as a source of atmospheric water is one of the major findings of the study and would help in better understanding and predicting the East Asian summer rainfall. Evaporated waters from the Pacific Ocean (particularly the far-west Pacific Ocean) dominate the non-local contribution to precipitation over northern East Asia during June to September, and over southern East Asian rainfall during September. The spatial structure of the East Asian rainfall is reported to be determined by the atmospheric waters that are evaporated and transported from the non-local sources. The role of the North Indian Ocean and the South Asian landmass as a source of water for East Asian precipitation is minimal and restricted to southern East Asia. The cross-equatorial Somali jet and equatorial trade winds associated with the western North Pacific Subtropical High are important pathways for East Asian precipitation sourced over the South Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean respectively. In contrast, minor roles are attributed to the Bay of Bengal as a source, and mid-latitude westerlies as a transport pathway, for East Asian precipitation.en_GB
dc.description.sponsorshipNewton Funden_GB
dc.identifier.citationPublished online 20 November 2023en_GB
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4621
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10871/134947
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0002-4664-1327 (Lambert, F Hugo)
dc.identifierORCID: 0000-0002-5971-8995 (Vallis, Geoffrey)
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherWiley / Royal Meteorological Societyen_GB
dc.relation.urlhttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4337926en_GB
dc.relation.urlhttps://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era-interimen_GB
dc.relation.urlhttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7646262en_GB
dc.rights.embargoreasonUnder embargo until 20 November 2024 in compliance with publisher policyen_GB
dc.rights© 2023 Wileyen_GB
dc.subjectEast Asian summer monsoonen_GB
dc.subjectLagrangian water tracingen_GB
dc.subjectatmospheric water sourceen_GB
dc.subjectwater transport pathwaysen_GB
dc.subjectrainfallen_GB
dc.subjectevaporationen_GB
dc.titleIdentification of the atmospheric water sources and pathways responsible for the East Asian summer monsoon rainfallen_GB
dc.typeArticleen_GB
dc.date.available2024-01-09T10:19:57Z
dc.identifier.issn0035-9009
dc.descriptionThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this recorden_GB
dc.descriptionLagrangian model code and data availability statement: The Lagrangian trajectory model TRACMASS v7.0 can be obtained freely from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4337926. The ERA-Interim data at model levels are available from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era-interim). The post-processed trajectory outputs are freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7646262. The analysis scripts are available on request from the corresponding author.en_GB
dc.identifier.eissn1477-870X
dc.identifier.journalQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Societyen_GB
dc.relation.ispartofQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
dc.rights.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserveden_GB
rioxxterms.versionAMen_GB
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2023-11-20
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_GB
refterms.dateFCD2024-01-09T10:16:38Z
refterms.versionFCDAM
refterms.panelBen_GB
refterms.dateFirstOnline2023-11-20


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