dc.contributor.author | Butt, E | |
dc.contributor.author | Foster, JA | |
dc.contributor.author | Keedwell, E | |
dc.contributor.author | Bell, JE | |
dc.contributor.author | Titball, RW | |
dc.contributor.author | Bhangu, A | |
dc.contributor.author | Michell, SL | |
dc.contributor.author | Sheridan, R | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-03-31T09:01:01Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2013-07-12 | |
dc.description.abstract | BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infection poses a significant healthcare burden. However, the derivation of a simple, evidence based prediction rule to assist patient management has not yet been described. METHOD: Univariate, multivariate and decision tree procedures were used to deduce a prediction rule from over 186 variables; retrospectively collated from clinical data for 213 patients. The resulting prediction rule was validated on independent data from a cohort of 158 patients described by Bhangu et al. (Colorectal Disease, 12(3):241-246, 2010). RESULTS: Serum albumin levels (g/L) (P = 0.001), respiratory rate (resps /min) (P = 0.002), C-reactive protein (mg/L) (P = 0.034) and white cell count (mcL) (P = 0.049) were predictors of all-cause mortality. Threshold levels of serum albumin ≤ 24.5 g/L, C- reactive protein >228 mg/L, respiratory rate >17 resps/min and white cell count >12 × 10(3) mcL were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. A simple four variable prediction rule was devised based on these threshold levels and when tested on the initial data, yield an area under the curve score of 0.754 (P < 0.001) using receiver operating characteristics. The prediction rule was then evaluated using independent data, and yield an area under the curve score of 0.653 (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Four easily measurable clinical variables can be used to assess the risk of mortality of patients with Clostridium difficile infection and remains robust with respect to independent data. | en_GB |
dc.description.sponsorship | This work was funded by University of Exeter, Systems Biology Initiative, a small grants fund from the RD&E NHS Trust and The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for the South West Peninsula (PenCLAHRC). This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for the South West Peninsula. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health in England. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.citation | Vol. 13, pp. 316 - | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1186/1471-2334-13-316 | |
dc.identifier.other | 1471-2334-13-316 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/20889 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | BioMed Central | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23849267 | en_GB |
dc.relation.url | http://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-13-316 | en_GB |
dc.rights | This is the final version of the article. Available from BioMed Central via the DOI in this record. | en_GB |
dc.subject | Analysis of Variance | en_GB |
dc.subject | Clostridium Infections | en_GB |
dc.subject | Clostridium difficile | en_GB |
dc.subject | Decision Trees | en_GB |
dc.subject | Female | en_GB |
dc.subject | Humans | en_GB |
dc.subject | Male | en_GB |
dc.subject | Models, Statistical | en_GB |
dc.subject | Predictive Value of Tests | en_GB |
dc.subject | ROC Curve | en_GB |
dc.subject | Retrospective Studies | en_GB |
dc.subject | Risk Factors | en_GB |
dc.title | Derivation and validation of a simple, accurate and robust prediction rule for risk of mortality in patients with Clostridium difficile infection. | en_GB |
dc.type | Article | en_GB |
dc.date.available | 2016-03-31T09:01:01Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1471-2334 | |
exeter.place-of-publication | England | |
dc.description | Published online | en_GB |
dc.description | Journal Article | en_GB |
dc.description | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | en_GB |
dc.identifier.journal | BMC Infectious Diseases | en_GB |