Regulatory indicators in the EU and the OECD: performance assessment, organizational processes, and learning

Abstract

The OECD has produced four waves of regulatory management indicators. By contrast, the European Union (EU) has never adopted a common system of indicators, although it is much more integrated and less heterogeneous than the OECD. This cannot be explained by the different propensity for performance measurement: the EU has agreed on policy metrics in economic and social policy areas, and regulation is a fundamental tool for this organization. Although structural variables matter, to answer questions about adoption (Yes/No), timing (when) and content of indicators (what type of indicators) we need the additional aid of policy learning and empirical observations on organizational processes. We find that the OECD process was one of self-directed learning fuelled by high socialization, internal validation of knowledge, favorable attitudes and posture of the secretariat, and mutually constitutive roles of delegates and staff. For the EU we find the reverse. These findings contribute to the literature on policy learning, regulation, and global performance measurement.