Out of Amazonia: Late Holocene Climate Change and the Tupi-Guarani Trans-Continental Expansion
Iriarte, J; Richard Smith, RS; Jonas Gregorio de Souza, JS; et al.Francis Mayle, FM; Bronwen Whitney, BW; Macarena Cardenas, MC; Joy Singarayer, JS; John Carson, JC; Shovonlal Roy, SR; Paul Valdes, PV
Date: 26 October 2016
Article
Journal
The Holocene
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Abstract
The late Holocene expansion of the Tupi-Guarani languages from southern Amazonia to SE South America constitutes one of the largest expansions of any linguistic family in the world, spanning ~ 4000 km between latitudes 0°S and 35°S at about 2500 yr B.P. However, the underlying reasons for this expansion are a matter of debate. Here, ...
The late Holocene expansion of the Tupi-Guarani languages from southern Amazonia to SE South America constitutes one of the largest expansions of any linguistic family in the world, spanning ~ 4000 km between latitudes 0°S and 35°S at about 2500 yr B.P. However, the underlying reasons for this expansion are a matter of debate. Here, we compare continental-scale paleoecological, paleoclimate, and archaeological datasets, to examine the role of climate change in facilitating the expansion of this forest-farming culture. Because this expansion lies within the path of the South American Low-Level Jet, the key mechanism for moisture transport across lowland South America, we were able to explore the relationship between climate change, forest expansion, and the Tupi-Guarani. Our data synthesis shows broad synchrony between late Holocene increasing precipitation and southerly expansion of both tropical forest and Guarani archaeological sites – the southernmost branch of the Tupi-Guarani. We conclude that climate change likely facilitated expansion of the Guarani forest-farming culture by increasing the area of forested landscape that they could exploit, showing a prime example of ecological opportunism.
Archaeology and History
Faculty of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences
Item views 0
Full item downloads 0